Tremorgenic Toxins from Penicillia

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Tremorgenic toxins produced by soil fungi.

Penitrem A or an unknown tremorgenic toxin, "X," was produced by 10 of 60 fungal isolates obtained from a pasture involved in an outbreak in cattle and sheep resembling migram and ryegrass staggers. Tremorgenic properties of extracts containing penitrem A or toxin X were confirmed by bioassay.

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The janthitrems: fluorescent tremorgenic toxins produced by Penicillium janthinellum isolates from ryegrass pastures.

New tremorgenic mycotoxins named janthitrem A, B, and C (molecular weights 601, 585, and 569, respectively) were produced by more than half of 21 Penicillium janthinellum isolates obtained from ryegrass pastures involved in ryegrass staggers outbreaks in sheep.

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Tremorgenic mycotoxin from Penicillium paraherquei.

A tremorgenic mycotoxin was isolated from Penicillium paraherquei Abe ex G. Smith and identified as verruculogen. It was produced at the rate of approximately 1 mg/g of the dried fungal mycelium cultured on peptone-enriched Czapek-Dox medium at 28 degrees C.

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Tremorgenic mycotoxicosis in dogs.

Ingestion of tremorgenic mycotoxins formed in spoiled food can cause an acute tremor syndrome, the severity of which can range from mild to life-threatening. Swift recognition of the likely cause is required for accurate prognostication and rapid institution of appropriate therapy, which leads to complete resolution in most cases.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Applied Microbiology

سال: 1971

ISSN: 0003-6919

DOI: 10.1128/aem.21.6.1101-1103.1971